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The term two-sided ideal is used in noncommutative rings to denote a subset that is both a right ideal and a left ideal. In commutative rings, where right and left are ...

The middle layer graph of order n is the graph whose vertex set consists of all bitstrings of length 2n+1 that have exactly n or n+1 entries equal to 1, with an edge between ...

Macdonald's plane partition conjecture proposes a formula for the number of cyclically symmetric plane partitions (CSPPs) of a given integer whose Ferrers diagrams fit inside ...

A schematic diagram used in logic theory to depict collections of sets and represent their relationships. The Venn diagrams on two and three sets are illustrated above. The ...

Mastermind is a simple two-player code-breaking board game invented in 1970 by Mordecai Meirowitz, an Israeli postmaster and telecommunications expert. It may have been ...

An alternating permutation is an arrangement of the elements c_1, ..., c_n such that no element c_i has a magnitude between c_(i-1) and c_(i+1) is called an alternating (or ...

Given a function f(x_1,...,x_n) defined on a domain U, the graph of f is defined as the set of points (which often form a curve or surface) showing the values taken by f over ...

One of the symbols { and } used in many different contexts in mathematics. Braces are used 1. To denote grouping of mathematical terms, usually as the outermost delimiter in ...

Let C=C^+ union C^- (where C^+ intersection C^-=emptyset) be the disjoint union of two finite components C^+ and C^-. Let alpha and beta be two involutions on C, each of ...

Let H be a Hilbert space and (e_i)_(i in I) is an orthonormal basis for H. The set S(H) of all operators T for which sum_(i in I)||Te_i||^2<infty is a self-adjoint ideal of ...