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A computation is an operation that begins with some initial conditions and gives an output which follows from a definite set of rules. The most common example are ...

A theorem due to Conway et al. (1997) which states that, if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix entries represents all natural numbers up to 15, then it ...

In the original formulation, a quantity associated with ideal class groups. According to Chevalley's formulation, a Grössencharakter is a multiplicative character of the ...

A linear functional defined on a subspace of a vector space V and which is dominated by a sublinear function defined on V has a linear extension which is also dominated by ...

A Hermitian metric on a complex vector bundle assigns a Hermitian inner product to every fiber bundle. The basic example is the trivial bundle pi:U×C^k->U, where U is an open ...

With a large enough sample, any outrageous thing is likely to happen (Diaconis and Mosteller 1989). Littlewood (1986) considered an event which occurs one in a million times ...

A semi-Riemannian manifold M=(M,g) is said to be Lorentzian if dim(M)>=2 and if the index I=I_g associated with the metric tensor g satisfies I=1. Alternatively, a smooth ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...

A partially ordered set (or poset) is a set taken together with a partial order on it. Formally, a partially ordered set is defined as an ordered pair P=(X,<=), where X is ...

A presheaf C of categories consists of the following data: 1. For every local homeomorphism f:Y->X of topological spaces X, Y, a category C(f:Y->X); 2. For every diagram f ...