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The Lovász number theta(G) of a graph G, sometimes also called the theta function of G, was introduced by Lovász (1979) with the explicit goal of estimating the Shannon ...

A labeling phi of (the vertices) of a graph G with positive integers taken from the set {1,2,...,r} is said to be r-distinguishing if no graph automorphism of G preserves all ...

RSA numbers are difficult to-factor composite numbers having exactly two prime factors (i.e., so-called semiprimes) that were listed in the Factoring Challenge of RSA ...

Let N^* be the smallest dimension n of a hypercube such that if the lines joining all pairs of corners are two-colored for any n>=N^*, a complete graph K_4 of one color with ...

The algebraic unknotting number of a knot K in S^3 is defined as the algebraic unknotting number of the S-equivalence class of a Seifert matrix of K. The algebraic unknotting ...

The least number of crossings that occur in any projection of a link. In general, it is difficult to find the crossing number of a given link. Knots and links are generally ...

The lower matching number of a graph is the minimum size of a maximal independent edge set. The (upper) matching number may be similarly defined as the largest size of an ...

The winding number of a contour gamma about a point z_0, denoted n(gamma,z_0), is defined by n(gamma,z_0)=1/(2pii)∮_gamma(dz)/(z-z_0) and gives the number of times gamma ...

The clique covering number theta(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of cliques in G needed to cover the vertex set of G. Since theta(G) involves the minimum number of ...

The maximum leaf number l(G) of a graph G is the largest number of tree leaves in any of its spanning trees. (The corresponding smallest number of leaves is known as the ...