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The first type of tensor-like object derived from a Riemannian metric g which is used to study the geometry of the metric. Christoffel symbols of the first kind are variously ...

An (infinite) line determined by two points (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) may intersect a circle of radius r and center (0, 0) in two imaginary points (left figure), a degenerate ...

Consider a unit circle and a radiant point located at (mu,0). There are four different regimes of caustics, illustrated above. For radiant point at mu=infty, the catacaustic ...

The involute of the circle was first studied by Huygens when he was considering clocks without pendula for use on ships at sea. He used the circle involute in his first ...

A circular pattern obtained by superposing parallel equally spaced lines on a set of concentric circles of increasing radii, then coloring the regions in chessboard fashion. ...

A circular sector is a wedge obtained by taking a portion of a disk with central angle theta<pi radians (180 degrees), illustrated above as the shaded region. A sector with ...

The circumsphere of given set of points, commonly the vertices of a solid, is a sphere that passes through all the points. A circumsphere does not always exist, but when it ...

The downward Clenshaw recurrence formula evaluates a sum of products of indexed coefficients by functions which obey a recurrence relation. If f(x)=sum_(k=0)^Nc_kF_k(x) (1) ...

A system of circles obtained by multiplying each radius in a coaxal system by a constant. The Tucker circles are a coaxaloid system (Johnson 1929, p. 277).

The colon is the symbol ":". It is used in a number of different ways in mathematics. 1. To denote ratio or odds, as in 2:1 (voiced "two to one"). 2. To mean such that in ...