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A submodule L of a module M such that for any other nonzero submodule K of M, the intersection L intersection K is not the zero module. L is also called an essential ...

A point at the intersection of two or more grid lines in a point lattice.

For two lines in the plane with endpoints (x_1,x_2) and (x_3,x_4), the angle between them is given by costheta=((x_2-x_1)·(x_4-x_3))/(|x_2-x_1||x_4-x_3|). (1) The angle theta ...

A line of constant longitude on a spheroid (or sphere). More generally, a meridian of a surface of revolution is the intersection of the surface with a plane containing the ...

An oval whose construction is illustrated in the above diagram.

The set of nilpotent elements in a commutative ring is an ideal, and it is called the nilradical. Another equivalent description is that it is the intersection of the prime ...

Let M subset R^3 be a regular surface and u_(p) a unit tangent vector to M, and let Pi(u_(p),N(p)) be the plane determined by u_(p) and the normal to the surface N(p). Then ...

The line joining the three collinear points of intersection of the extensions of corresponding sides in perspective triangles, also called the perspectrix or homology axis.

Let f(z) be an analytic function in an angular domain W:|argz|<alphapi/2. Suppose there is a constant M such that for each epsilon>0, each finite boundary point has a ...

A primary ideal is an ideal I such that if ab in I, then either a in I or b^m in I for some m>0. Prime ideals are always primary. A primary decomposition expresses any ideal ...