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The lituus is an Archimedean spiral with n=-2, having polar equation r^2theta=a^2. (1) Lituus means a "crook," in the sense of a bishop's crosier. The lituus curve originated ...

The unique magic square of order three. The Lo Shu is an associative magic square, but not a panmagic square.

The study of number fields by embedding them in a local field is called local class field theory. Information about an equation in a local field may give information about ...

Let P be a class of (universal) algebras. Then an algebra A is a local P-algebra provided that every finitely generated subalgebra F of A is a member of the class P. Note ...

A lattice L is locally bounded if and only if each of its finitely generated sublattices is bounded. Every locally bounded lattice is locally subbounded, and every locally ...

For a real number x in (0,1), let m be the number of terms in the convergent to a regular continued fraction that are required to represent n decimal places of x. Then for ...

A locus is the set of all points (usually forming a curve or surface) satisfying some condition. For example, the locus of points in the plane equidistant from a given point ...

The log-likelihood function F(theta) is defined to be the natural logarithm of the likelihood function L(theta). More precisely, F(theta)=lnL(theta), and so in particular, ...

The logarithmic capacity of a compact set E in the complex plane is given by gamma(E)=e^(-V(E)), (1) where V(E)=inf_(nu)int_(E×E)ln1/(|u-v|)dnu(u)dnu(v), (2) and nu runs over ...

The longest increasing scattered subsequence is the longest subsequence of increasing terms, where intervening nonincreasing terms may be dropped. Finding the largest ...