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A quantity by which another (the multiplicand) is multiplied. For example, in the expression a×b, a is the multiplier. The result of the multiplication of two or more ...

A natural transformation Phi={Phi_C:F(C)->D(C)} between functors F,G:C->D of categories C and D is said to be a natural isomorphism if each of the components is an ...

A negative definite matrix is a Hermitian matrix all of whose eigenvalues are negative. A matrix m may be tested to determine if it is negative definite in the Wolfram ...

If there exists a critical region C of size alpha and a nonnegative constant k such that (product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_1))/(product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_0))>=k for points in ...

The norm topology on a normed space X=(X,||·||_X) is the topology tau consisting of all sets which can be written as a (possibly empty) union of sets of the form B_r(x)={y in ...

The reciprocity theorem for x^8=q (mod p).

A right or left ideal of a ring. The term is used especially in noncommutative rings to denote a right ideal that is not a left ideal, or conversely.

A rooted tree in which the order of the subtrees is significant. There is a one-to-one correspondence between ordered forests with n nodes and binary trees with n nodes.

The Plateau curves were studied by the Belgian physicist and mathematician Joseph Plateau. They have Cartesian equation x = (asin[(m+n)t])/(sin[(m-n)t]) (1) y = ...

The Poincaré group is another name for the inhomogeneous Lorentz group (Weinberg 1972, p. 28) and corresponds to the group of inhomogeneous Lorentz transformations, also ...