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A multiplicand is a quantity that is multiplied by another (the multiplier). For example, in the expression a×b, b is the multiplicand. The result of the multiplication of ...

Two vectors u and v whose dot product is u·v=0 (i.e., the vectors are perpendicular) are said to be orthogonal. In three-space, three vectors can be mutually perpendicular.

A p-elementary subgroup of a finite group G is a subgroup H which is the group direct product H=C_n×P, where P is a p-group, C_n is a cyclic group, and p does not divide n.

Let A and B be two algebras over the same signature Sigma, with carriers A and B, respectively (cf. universal algebra). B is a subalgebra of A if B subset= A and every ...

Let A and B be any sets. Then the product of |A| and |B| is defined as the Cartesian product |A|*|B|=|A×B| (Ciesielski 1997, p. 68; Dauben 1990, p. 173; Moore 1982, p. 37; ...

A generalized dodecagon is a generalized polygon of order 12. GD(1,2) is the (3,12)-cage graph, more commonly known as the Tutte 12-cage. GD(2,1) is the line graph of the ...

A special graph vertex that is designated to turn a tree into a rooted tree or a graph into a rooted graph. The root is sometimes also called "eve," or an "endpoint" (Saaty ...

Consider the Euler product zeta(s)=product_(k=1)^infty1/(1-1/(p_k^s)), (1) where zeta(s) is the Riemann zeta function and p_k is the kth prime. zeta(1)=infty, but taking the ...

Let G be a graph and S a subgraph of G. Let the number of odd components in G-S be denoted S^', and |S| the number of graph vertices of S. The condition |S|>=S^' for every ...

A Möbius ladder, sometimes called a Möbius wheel (Jakobson and Rivin 1999), of order n is a simple graph obtained by introducing a twist in a prism graph of order n that is ...