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The contraction of a tensor is obtained by setting unlike indices equal and summing according to the Einstein summation convention. Contraction reduces the tensor rank by 2. ...

The torsion of a space curve, sometimes also called the "second curvature" (Kreyszig 1991, p. 47), is the rate of change of the curve's osculating plane. The torsion tau is ...

A left Hilbert Algebra A whose involution is an antilinear isometry is called a unimodular Hilbert algebra. The involution is usually denoted xi|->xi^*.

An ordered vector basisv_1,...,v_n for a finite-dimensional vector space V defines an orientation. Another basis w_i=Av_i gives the same orientation if the matrix A has a ...

A function that can be defined as a Dirichlet series, i.e., is computed as an infinite sum of powers, F(n)=sum_(k=1)^infty[f(k)]^n, where f(k) can be interpreted as the set ...

A binary tree is a tree-like structure that is rooted and in which each vertex has at most two children and each child of a vertex is designated as its left or right child ...

Rubik's Cube is a 3×3×3 cube in which the 26 subcubes on the outside are internally hinged in such a way that rotation (by a quarter turn in either direction or a half turn) ...

Set covering deployment (sometimes written "set-covering deployment" and abbreviated SCDP for "set covering deployment problem") seeks an optimal stationing of troops in a ...

Percolation, the fundamental notion at the heart of percolation theory, is a difficult idea to define precisely though it is quite easy to describe qualitatively. From the ...

The word configuration is sometimes used to describe a finite collection of points p=(p_1,...,p_n), p_i in R^d, where R^d is a Euclidean space. The term "configuration" also ...