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A pair of functions phi_i(x) and phi_j(x) are orthonormal if they are orthogonal and each normalized so that int_a^b[phi_i(x)]^2w(x)dx = 1 (1) int_a^b[phi_j(x)]^2w(x)dx = 1. ...

The circle H which touches the incircles I, I_A, I_B, and I_C of a circular triangle ABC and its associated triangles. It is either externally tangent to I and internally ...

If f(x) is piecewise continuous and has a generalized Fourier series sum_(i)a_iphi_i(x) (1) with weighting function w(x), it must be true that ...

Linear Algebra

An affine variety V is an algebraic variety contained in affine space. For example, {(x,y,z):x^2+y^2-z^2=0} (1) is the cone, and {(x,y,z):x^2+y^2-z^2=0,ax+by+cz=0} (2) is a ...

The doubly truncated Witt graph is the graph on 330 vertices related to a 3-(22,8,12) design (Brouwer et al. 1989, p. 367). The doubly truncated Witt graph can be constructed ...

In the Minkowski space of special relativity, a four-vector is a four-element vector x^mu=(x^0,x^1,x^2,x^3) that transforms under a Lorentz transformation like the position ...

A vector bundle is special class of fiber bundle in which the fiber is a vector space V. Technically, a little more is required; namely, if f:E->B is a bundle with fiber R^n, ...

Roundoff error is the difference between an approximation of a number used in computation and its exact (correct) value. In certain types of computation, roundoff error can ...

Let P be the set of prime ideals of a commutative ring A. Then an affine scheme is a technical mathematical object defined as the ring spectrum sigma(A) of P, regarded as a ...