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The set of all lines through a point. The term was first used by Desargues (Cremona 1960, p. x). The six angles of any pencils of four rays O{ABCD} are connected by the ...

An abstract manifold is a manifold in the context of an abstract space with no particular embedding, or representation in mind. It is a topological space with an atlas of ...

Barycentric coordinates (t_1,t_2,t_3) normalized so that they become the areas of the triangles PA_1A_2, PA_1A_3, and PA_2A_3, where P is the point whose coordinates have ...

A Cartesian curve is a curve specified in Cartesian coordinates. The term "Cartesian curve" is sometimes also used to refer to the Cartesian ovals.

The use of coordinates (such as Cartesian coordinates) in the study of geometry. Cartesian geometry is named after René Descartes (Bell 1986, p. 48), although Descartes may ...

The polar angle on a sphere measured from the north pole instead of the equator. The angle phi in spherical coordinates is the colatitude. It is related to the latitude delta ...

An authalic latitude given by phi_g=tan^(-1)[(1-e^2)tanphi]. (1) The series expansion is phi_g=phi-e_2sin(2phi)+1/2e_2^2sin(4phi)+1/3e_2^3sin(6phi)+..., (2) where ...

A d-hyperoctant is one of the 2^d regions of space defined by the 2^d possible combinations of signs (+/-,+/-,...,+/-). The 2-hyperoctant is known as a quadrant and the ...

The azimuthal coordinate on the surface of a sphere (theta in spherical coordinates) or on a spheroid (in prolate or oblate spheroidal coordinates). Longitude is defined such ...

The y- (vertical) coordinate of a point in a two dimensional coordinate system. Physicists and astronomers sometimes use the term to refer to the axis itself instead of the ...