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The omega constant is defined as W(1)=0.5671432904... (1) (OEIS A030178), where W(x) is the Lambert W-function. It is available in the Wolfram Language using the function ...

A function H that maps an arbitrary length message M to a fixed length message digest MD is a one-way hash function if 1. It is a one-way function. 2. Given M and H(M), it is ...

The ordinary Onsager equation is the sixth-order ordinary differential equation (d^3)/(dx^3)[e^x(d^2)/(dx^2)(e^x(dy)/(dx))]=f(x) (Vicelli 1983; Zwillinger 1997, p. 128), ...

Several flavors of the open mapping theorem state: 1. A continuous surjective linear mapping between Banach spaces is an open map. 2. A nonconstant analytic function on a ...

A sentential formula that contains at least one free variable (Carnap 1958, p. 24). A sentential variable containing no free variables (i.e., all variables are bound) is ...

An operator A:f^((n))(I)|->f(I) assigns to every function f in f^((n))(I) a function A(f) in f(I). It is therefore a mapping between two function spaces. If the range is on ...

The operator norm of a linear operator T:V->W is the largest value by which T stretches an element of V, ||T||=sup_(||v||=1)||T(v)||. (1) It is necessary for V and W to be ...

Let T be a linear operator on a separable Hilbert space. The spectrum sigma(T) of T is the set of lambda such that (T-lambdaI) is not invertible on all of the Hilbert space, ...

A branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Optimization theory is the more modern term for operations research. ...

The word "order" is used in a number of different ways in mathematics. Most commonly, it refers to the number of elements in (e.g., conjugacy class order, graph order, group ...