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The tractrix spiral is a spiral with parametric equations x(t) = acostcos(t-tant) (1) y(t) = acostsin(t-tant) (2) for t in [0,pi/2). It is also known as the polar tractrix or ...

Two points on a surface which are opposite to each other but not farthest from each other (e.g., the midpoints of opposite edges of a cube) are said to be transitive points. ...

To translate an object means to perform a translation. A translate of a mathematical object means a shifted (i.e., translated) version of the object. Hence, one can speak of ...

The plane curve given by the equation xy=x^3-a^3, illustrated above for values of a ranging from 0 to 3. For a=0, the trident degenerated to a parabola.

The plane curve given by the equation axy = (a+x)(a-x)(2a-x) (1) = x^3-2ax^2-a^2x+2a^3, (2) which, solving for y, gives y=((a+x)(a-x)(2a-x))/(ax). (3) The plots above are for ...

The cubic curve defined by ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=xy with a!=0. The curve cuts the axis in either one or three points. It was the 66th curve in Newton's classification of cubics. ...

Trigonometric identities which prove useful in the construction of map projections include (1) where A^' = A-C (2) B^' = 2B-4D (3) C^' = 4C (4) D^' = 8D. (5) ...

By the definition of the trigonometric functions, cos0 = 1 (1) cot0 = infty (2) csc0 = infty (3) sec0 = 1 (4) sin0 = 0 (5) tan0 = 0. (6)

cos(pi/(10)) = 1/4sqrt(10+2sqrt(5)) (1) cos((3pi)/(10)) = 1/4sqrt(10-2sqrt(5)) (2) cot(pi/(10)) = sqrt(5+2sqrt(5)) (3) cot((3pi)/(10)) = sqrt(5-2sqrt(5)) (4) csc(pi/(10)) = ...

cos(pi/(12)) = 1/4(sqrt(6)+sqrt(2)) (1) cos((5pi)/(12)) = 1/4(sqrt(6)-sqrt(2)) (2) cot(pi/(12)) = 2+sqrt(3) (3) cot((5pi)/(12)) = 2-sqrt(3) (4) csc(pi/(12)) = sqrt(6)+sqrt(2) ...