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A projection of a figure by parallel rays. In such a projection, tangencies are preserved. Parallel lines project to parallel lines. The ratio of lengths of parallel segments ...

The orthographic projection is a projection from infinity that preserves neither area nor angle. It is given by x = cosphisin(lambda-lambda_0) (1) y = ...

The outer Napoleon circle, a term coined here for the first time, is the circumcircle of the outer Napoleon triangle. It has center at the triangle centroid G (and is thus ...

Let A^' be the outermost vertex of the regular pentagon erected outward on side BC of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Similarly, define B^' and C^'. The triangle ...

The outer Soddy circle is the solution to the four coins problem. It has circle function l=((-a+b+c)^2[f(a,b,c)+16g(a,b,c)rs])/(4bc[(a^2+b^2+c^2)-2(ab+bc+ca)+8rs]^4), (1) ...

The placement of objects so that they touch in some specified manner, often inside a container with specified properties. For example, one could consider a sphere packing, ...

The parabiaugmented dodecahedron is a convex equilateral solid that is Johnson solid J_(60). The unit parabiaugmented dodecahedron has volume V=1/6(25+11sqrt(5)) (1) and Dehn ...

The parabiaugmented hexagonal prism is a convex equilateral solid that is Johnson solid J_(56). The parabiaugmented hexagonal prism has volume V=1/6(2sqrt(2)+9sqrt(3)) (1) ...

The parabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron is a convex equilateral solid that is Johnson solid J_(69). The unit parabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron has volume ...

The parabididiminished rhombicosidodecahedron is a convex equilateral solid that is Johnson solid J_(820). The unit parabididiminished rhombicosidodecahedron ...