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A special ideal in a commutative ring R. The Jacobson radical is the intersection of the maximal ideals in R. It could be the zero ideal, as in the case of the integers.

The circumcircle of the Johnson triangle DeltaJ_AJ_BJ_C has center at the orthocenter H of the reference triangle and radius R, where R is the circumradius of the reference ...

In a lattice, any two elements a and b have a least upper bound. This least upper bound is often called the join of a and b, and is denoted by a v b. One can also speak of ...

Given a matrix A, a Jordan basis satisfies Ab_(i,1)=lambda_ib_(i,1) and Ab_(i,j)=lambda_ib_(i,j)+b_(i,j-1), and provides the means by which any complex matrix A can be ...

A geodesic triangle with oriented boundary yields a curve which is piecewise differentiable. Furthermore, the tangent vector varies continuously at all but the three corner ...

The Kenmotu circle is the circle passing through the six contact points of the congruent squares used in the construction of the Kenmotu point with the triangle sides. It is ...

In Kepler's 1619 book Harmonice Mundi on tilings, he discussed a tiling built with pentagons, pentagrams, decagons, and "fused decagon pairs." He also called them "monsters." ...

For any function f:A->B (where A and B are any sets), the kernel (also called the null space) is defined by Ker(f)={x:x in Asuch thatf(x)=0}, so the kernel gives the elements ...

Approximations to Khinchin's constant include K = -(ln85181832)/(tan8) (1) = 1/(29)sqrt(6065) (2) = 6-sqrt(ln59055) (3) = 18^(27/79), (4) which are correct to 9, 7, 6, and 5 ...

The inertial subranges of velocity power spectra for homogeneous turbulence exhibit a power law with exponent -5/3. This exponent (-5/3) is called the Kolmogorov constant by ...