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Any lemma on commutative diagrams. It can give relations between maps (as in the five lemma) or tell how to construct new diagrams from old ones (as in the snake lemma).

A flexagon made with square faces. Gardner (1961) shows how to construct a tri-tetraflexagon, tetra-tetraflexagon, and hexa-tetraflexagon.

A specific type of ultraproduct that can be used to construct nonstandard universes and obtain the transfer principle as a corollary of Łoś' theorem for ultraproducts.

Bracewell's term for the delta function.

A map f:R^n|->R which assigns each x a scalar function f(x).

The logarithmic derivative of a function f is defined as the derivative of the logarithm of a function. For example, the digamma function is defined as the logarithmic ...

The application of an apodization function.

A space-filling function.

A transformation of a hypergeometric function,

where _8phi_7 is a q-hypergeometric function.