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A prize of 100000 German marks offered for the first valid proof of Fermat's last theorem (Ball and Coxeter 1987, p. 72; Barner 1997; Hoffman 1998, pp. 193-194 and 199). The ...

The second Mersenne prime M_3=2^3-1, which is itself the exponent of Mersenne prime M_7=2^7-1=127. It gives rise to the perfect number P_7=M_7·2^6=8128. It is a Gaussian ...

Let M^n be a compact n-dimensional oriented Riemannian manifold without boundary, let O be a group representation of pi_1(M) by orthogonal matrices, and let E(O) be the ...

The quartic curve given by the implicit equation (x^2-a^2)(x-a)^2+(y^2-a^2)^2=0, (1) so-named because of its resemblance to a tooth. The bicuspid curve has cusps at (a,-a) ...

Calabi's triangle is the unique triangle other that the equilateral triangle for which the largest inscribed square can be inscribed in three different ways (Calabi 1997). ...

The chi distribution with n degrees of freedom is the distribution followed by the square root of a chi-squared random variable. For n=1, the chi distribution is a ...

A prime factorization algorithm which uses residues produced in the continued fraction of sqrt(mN) for some suitably chosen m to obtain a square number. The algorithm solves ...

Consider a point P inside a reference triangle DeltaABC, construct line segments AP, BP, and CP. The Ehrmann congruent squares point is the unique point P such that three ...

Let omega be the cube root of unity (-1+isqrt(3))/2. Then the Eisenstein primes are Eisenstein integers, i.e., numbers of the form a+bomega for a and b integers, such that ...

There exists a triangulation point Y for which the triangles BYC, CYA, and AYB have equal Brocard angles. This point is a triangle center known as the equi-Brocard center and ...