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An error-correcting code is an algorithm for expressing a sequence of numbers such that any errors which are introduced can be detected and corrected (within certain ...

The graph distance matrix, sometimes also called the all-pairs shortest path matrix, is the square matrix (d_(ij)) consisting of all graph distances from vertex v_i to vertex ...

A Heronian triangle is a triangle having rational side lengths and rational area. The triangles are so named because such triangles are related to Heron's formula ...

A projective plane, sometimes called a twisted sphere (Henle 1994, p. 110), is a surface without boundary derived from a usual plane by addition of a line at infinity. Just ...

The following integral transform relationship, known as the Abel transform, exists between two functions f(x) and g(t) for 0<alpha<1, f(x) = int_0^x(g(t)dt)/((x-t)^alpha) (1) ...

An infinite sequence of positive integers 1<=b_1<b_2<b_3<..., (1) also called a Sidon sequence, such that all pairwise sums b_i+b_j (2) for i<=j are distinct (Guy 1994). An ...

A binomial number is a number of the form a^n+/-b^n, where a,b, and n are integers. Binomial numbers can be factored algebraically as ...

A uniform distribution of points on the circumference of a circle can be obtained by picking a random real number between 0 and 2pi. Picking random points on a circle is ...

A number of attractive cube 10-compounds can be constructed. The first can be obtained by beginning with an initial cube and rotating it by an angle theta=sin^(-1)(sqrt(3/8)) ...

A closed box composed of three pairs of rectangular faces placed opposite each other and joined at right angles to each other, also known as a rectangular parallelepiped. The ...