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Find a square number x^2 such that, when a given integer h is added or subtracted, new square numbers are obtained so that x^2+h=a^2 (1) and x^2-h=b^2. (2) This problem was ...

A complete set of mutually conjugate group elements. Each element in a group belongs to exactly one class, and the identity element (I=1) is always in its own class. The ...

The connected domination number of a connected graph G, denoted d(G), is the size of a minimum connected dominating set of a graph G. The maximum leaf number l(G) and ...

The homomorphism S which, according to the snake lemma, permits construction of an exact sequence (1) from the above commutative diagram with exact rows. The homomorphism S ...

The Connell sequence is the sequence obtained by starting with the first positive odd number (1), taking the next two even numbers (2, 4), the next three odd numbers (5, 7, ...

Given an expression involving known constants, integration in finite terms, computation of limits, etc., the constant problem is the determination of if the expression is ...

The term "continued fraction" is used to refer to a class of expressions of which generalized continued fraction of the form b_0+(a_1)/(b_1+(a_2)/(b_2+(a_3)/(b_3+...))) ...

There are several commonly used methods of defining the slippery, but extremely important, concept of a continuous function (which, depending on context, may also be called a ...

Contour integration is the process of calculating the values of a contour integral around a given contour in the complex plane. As a result of a truly amazing property of ...

A set in R^n which can be reduced to one of its points, say P, by a continuous deformation, is said to be contractible. The transformation is such that each point of the set ...