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A set considered together with the sigma-algebra on the set.

The terms "measure," "measurable," etc. have very precise technical definitions (usually involving sigma-algebras) that can make them appear difficult to understand. However, ...

The double covering group of the (linear) symplectic group.

Numerical minimization is implemented NMinimize[f, vars].

The covering of a plane curve with disks of radius epsilon whose centers lie on the curve.

A quantity from which another (the subtrahend) is subtracted.

If the first case of Fermat's last theorem is false for the prime exponent p, then 3^(p-1)=1 (mod p^2).

The symmetry operation (x,y,z)->(x,y,-z), etc., which is equivalent to 2^_, where the bar denotes an improper rotation.

A set M of all polynomials in s variables, x_1, ..., x_s such that if P, P_1, and P_2 are members, then so are P_1+P_2 and QP, where Q is any polynomial in x_1, ..., x_s.

A basis of a modular system M is any set of polynomials B_1, B_2, ... of M such that every polynomial of M is expressible in the form R_1B_1+R_2B_2+..., where R_1, R_2, ... ...