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A regular local ring is a local ring R with maximal ideal m so that m can be generated with exactly d elements where d is the Krull dimension of the ring R. Equivalently, R ...

A simple path is a path which is a simple curve. More precisely, a continuous mapping gamma:[a,b]->C^0 is a simple path if it has no self-intersections. Here, C^0 denotes the ...

A topological space fulfilling the T3-separation axiom: X fulfils the T1-separation axiom and is regular. According to the terminology of Alexandroff and Hopf (1972), ...

The Banach space L^1([0,1]) with the product (fg)(x)=int_0^xf(x-y)g(y)dy is a non-unital commutative Banach algebra. This algebra is called the Volterra algebra.

The Euclidean metric is the function d:R^n×R^n->R that assigns to any two vectors in Euclidean n-space x=(x_1,...,x_n) and y=(y_1,...,y_n) the number ...

Baire's category theorem, also known as Baire's theorem and the category theorem, is a result in analysis and set theory which roughly states that in certain spaces, the ...

Analytic number theory is the branch of number theory which uses real and complex analysis to investigate various properties of integers and prime numbers. Examples of topics ...

A notation invented by Dirac which is very useful in quantum mechanics. The notation defines the "ket" vector, denoted |psi>, and its conjugate transpose, called the "bra" ...

A ring without zero divisors in which an integer norm and an associated division algorithm (i.e., a Euclidean algorithm) can be defined. For signed integers, the usual norm ...

The exsecant is a little-used trigonometric function defined by exsec(x)=secx-1, (1) where secx is the secant. The exsecant can be extended to the complex plane as ...