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A semiprime which English economist and logician William Stanley Jevons incorrectly believed no one else would be able to factor. According to Jevons (1874, p. 123), "Can the ...

There are two distinct entities both known as the Lagrange number. The more common one arises in rational approximation theory (Conway and Guy 1996), while the other refers ...

Long multiplication is the method of multiplication that is commonly taught to elementary school students throughout the world. It can be used on two numbers of arbitrarily ...

In 1891, Chebyshev and Sylvester showed that for sufficiently large x, there exists at least one prime number p satisfying x<p<(1+alpha)x, where alpha=0.092.... Since the ...

A totative is a positive integer less than or equal to a number n which is also relatively prime to n, where 1 is counted as being relatively prime to all numbers. The number ...

The prime HP(n) reached starting from a number n, concatenating its prime factors, and repeating until a prime is reached. For example, for n=9, 9=3·3->33=3·11->311, so 311 ...

The rectilinear crossing number of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings in a straight line embedding of G in a plane. It is variously denoted rcr(G), cr^_(G) ...

Carmichael's conjecture asserts that there are an infinite number of Carmichael numbers. This was proven by Alford et al. (1994).

The Gelfond-Schneider constant is sometimes known as the Hilbert number. Flannery and Flannery (2000, p. 35) define a Hilbert number as a positive integer of the form n=4k+1 ...

Given a property P, if P(x)∼x as x->infty (so, using asymptotic notation, the number of numbers less than x not satisfying the property P is o(x), where o(x) is one of the ...