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A polyomino tiling is a tiling of the plane by specified types of polyominoes. Tiling by polyominoes has been investigated since at least the late 1950s, particularly by S. ...

The word population has a number of distinct but closely related meanings in statistics. 1. A finite and actually existing group of objects which, although possibly large, ...

There are several related theorems involving Hamiltonian cycles of graphs that are associated with Pósa. Let G be a simple graph with n graph vertices. 1. If, for every k in ...

A symbol used to distinguish one quantity x^' ("x prime") from another related x. Prime marks are most commonly used to denote 1. Transformed coordinates, 2. Conjugate ...

The Q-chromatic polynomial, introduced by Birkhoff and Lewis (1946) and termed the "Q-chromial" by Bari (1974), is an alternate form of the chromatic polynomial pi(x) defined ...

The Latin prefix quadri- is used to indicate the number 4, for example, quadrilateral, quadrant, etc. However, it also very commonly used to denote objects involving the ...

A scale-free network is a connected graph or network with the property that the number of links k originating from a given node exhibits a power law distribution ...

A pair of dice which have the same odds for throwing every number as a normal pair of 6-sided dice. They are the only such alternate arrangement if face values are required ...

Let a simple graph G have n vertices, chromatic polynomial P(x), and chromatic number chi. Then P(G) can be written as P(G)=sum_(i=0)^ha_i·(x)_(p-i), where h=n-chi and (x)_k ...

The number of operations needed to effect a geometric construction as determined in geometrography. If the number of operations of the five geometrographic types are denoted ...