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For a connected bipartite graph G, the halved graph G^+ and G^- are the two connected components of the distance 2-graph of G. The following table summarizes some named ...

The mean distance of a (connected) graph is the mean of the elements of its graph distance matrix. Closed forms for some classes of named graphs are given in the following ...

If a plane cuts the sides AB, BC, CD, and DA of a skew quadrilateral ABCD in points P, Q, R, and S, then (AP)/(PB)·(BQ)/(QC)·(CR)/(RD)·(DS)/(SA)=1 both in magnitude and sign ...

Four or more points P_1, P_2, P_3, P_4, ... which lie on a circle C are said to be concyclic. Three points are trivially concyclic since three noncollinear points determine a ...

A hexagon (not necessarily regular) on whose polygon vertices a circle may be circumscribed. Let sigma_i=Pi_i(a_1^2,a_2^2,a_3^2,a_4^2,a_5^2,a_6^2) (1) denote the ith-order ...

A cyclic pentagon is a not necessarily regular pentagon on whose polygon vertices a circle may be circumscribed. Let such a pentagon have edge lengths a_1, ..., a_5, and area ...

Let A_1, A_2, A_3, and A_4 be four points on a circle, and H_1, H_2, H_3, H_4 the orthocenters of triangles DeltaA_2A_3A_4, etc. If, from the eight points, four with ...

The term diamond is another word for a rhombus. The term is also used to denote a square tilted at a 45 degrees angle. The diamond shape is a special case of the superellipse ...

The gyrobifastigium is an octahedron with on 8 vertices, 14 edges, and 8 faces. The equilateral gyrobifastigium is Johnson solid J_(26), consisting of two triangular prisms ...

A heptahedron is a polyhedron with seven faces. Because there are 34 heptahedral graphs, there are 34 topologically distinct convex heptahedra. There are three semiregular ...