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A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...

A symmetry of a knot K is a homeomorphism of R^3 which maps K onto itself. More succinctly, a knot symmetry is a homeomorphism of the pair of spaces (R^3,K). Hoste et al. ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...

A polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one or more variables multiplied by coefficients. A polynomial in one variable (i.e., a univariate ...

If there is an integer 0<x<p such that x^2=q (mod p), (1) i.e., the congruence (1) has a solution, then q is said to be a quadratic residue (mod p). Note that the trivial ...

A partial differential equation which appears in differential geometry and relativistic field theory. Its name is a wordplay on its similar form to the Klein-Gordon equation. ...

A strong pseudoprime to a base a is an odd composite number n with n-1=d·2^s (for d odd) for which either a^d=1 (mod n) (1) or a^(d·2^r)=-1 (mod n) (2) for some r=0, 1, ..., ...

There are four strongly regular graphs with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(28,12,6,4), one of them being the triangular graph of order 8. The other three such graphs are known ...

The delta function is a generalized function that can be defined as the limit of a class of delta sequences. The delta function is sometimes called "Dirac's delta function" ...

A special function which is given by the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function (or, depending on the definition, the logarithmic derivative of the factorial). Because ...