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A primitive Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) such that GCD(a,b,c)=1, where GCD is the greatest common divisor. A right triangle whose side lengths give a ...

In floating-point arithmetic, the significand is a component of a finite floating-point number containing its significant digits. Generally speaking, the significand can be ...

The diagonal slash "/" used as the bar between numerator and denominator of an in-line fraction (Bringhurst 1997, p. 284). The solidus is also called a diagonal. Special care ...

A truncated polyhedron is a polyhedron with truncated faces, given by the Schläfli symbol t{p; q}. The operation implemented as Truncate[polyhedron, r] in the Wolfram ...

Truncation is the removal of portions of solids falling outside a set of symmetrically placed planes. The operation implemented as Truncate[polyhedron, r] in the Wolfram ...

The characteristic function f(n)={1 n is prime; 0 n otherwise (1) of primes has values 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, ... (OEIS A010051) for n=1, 2, ...

The generalized Riemann hypothesis conjectures that neither the Riemann zeta function nor any Dirichlet L-series has a zero with real part larger than 1/2. Compare with ...

A method for testing nested hypotheses. To apply the procedure, given a specific model, calculate the likelihood of observing the actual data. Then compare this likelihood to ...

A proper factor of a positive integer n is a factor of n other than 1 or n (Derbyshire 2004, p. 32). For example, 2 and 3 are positive proper factors of 6, but 1 and 6 are ...

Two quantities y and x are said to be directly proportional, proportional, or "in direct proportion" if y is given by a constant multiple of x, i.e., y=cx for c a constant. ...