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The word "class" has many specialized meanings in mathematics in which it refers to a group of objects with some common property (e.g., characteristic class or conjugacy ...

The notion of a Hilbert C^*-module is a generalization of the notion of a Hilbert space. The first use of such objects was made by Kaplansky (1953). The research on Hilbert ...

There are at least two definitions of hypercomplex numbers. Clifford algebraists call their higher dimensional numbers hypercomplex, even though they do not share all the ...

A rooted graph is a graph in which one node is labeled in a special way so as to distinguish it from other nodes. The special node is called the root of the graph. The rooted ...

The quotient space X/∼ of a topological space X and an equivalence relation ∼ on X is the set of equivalence classes of points in X (under the equivalence relation ∼) ...

A complete oriented graph (Skiena 1990, p. 175), i.e., a graph in which every pair of nodes is connected by a single uniquely directed edge. The first and second 3-node ...

The free module of rank n over a nonzero unit ring R, usually denoted R^n, is the set of all sequences {a_1,a_2,...,a_n} that can be formed by picking n (not necessarily ...

The (weak) Bruhat graph B_n of order n is the simple graph having have all permutations of {1,2,...,n} as vertices, and with an edge between pairs of permutations that differ ...

Condorcet's jury theorem states that given a group of voters (a "jury") independently choosing by majority vote between a correct outcome with probability 0<=p<=1 and an ...

A connection game is a board game in which players compete to develop or complete a type of topological connection with their pieces. This could involve forming a path ...