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A curve whose name means "shell form." Let C be a curve and O a fixed point. Let P and P^' be points on a line from O to C meeting it at Q, where P^'Q=QP=k, with k a given ...

A concordant form is an integer triple (a,b,N) where {a^2+b^2=c^2; a^2+Nb^2=d^2, (1) with c and d integers. Examples include {14663^2+111384^2=112345^2; ...

Four or more points P_1, P_2, P_3, P_4, ... which lie on a circle C are said to be concyclic. Three points are trivially concyclic since three noncollinear points determine a ...

The ratio C of the largest to smallest singular value in the singular value decomposition of a matrix. The base-b logarithm of C is an estimate of how many base-b digits are ...

The conditional intensity lambda(t) associated to a temporal point process N is defined to be the expected infinitesimal rate at which events are expected to occur around ...

The Condon-Shortley phase is the factor of (-1)^m that occurs in some definitions of the spherical harmonics (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 682) to compensate for the lack of ...

Let a cone of opening parameter c and vertex at (0,0,0) intersect a sphere of radius r centered at (x_0,y_0,z_0), with the cone oriented such that its axis does not pass ...

The mapping of a grid of regularly ruled squares onto a cone with no overlap or misalignment. Cone nets are possible for vertex angles of 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 ...

A confidence interval is an interval in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Usually, the confidence interval of interest is symmetrically ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation xy^('')+(c-x)y^'-ay=0, sometimes also called Kummer's differential equation (Slater 1960, p. 2; Zwillinger 1997, p. 124). It ...