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Euler's series transformation is a transformation that sometimes accelerates the rate of convergence for an alternating series. Given a convergent alternating series with sum ...

An evolute is the locus of centers of curvature (the envelope) of a plane curve's normals. The original curve is then said to be the involute of its evolute. Given a plane ...

Given a triangle, extend two sides in the direction opposite their common vertex. The circle tangent to these two lines and to the other side of the triangle is called an ...

The so-called explicit formula psi(x)=x-sum_(rho)(x^rho)/rho-ln(2pi)-1/2ln(1-x^(-2)) gives an explicit relation between prime numbers and Riemann zeta function zeros for x>1 ...

Given a Poisson distribution with rate of change lambda, the distribution of waiting times between successive changes (with k=0) is D(x) = P(X<=x) (1) = 1-P(X>x) (2) = ...

Let X be a set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A in V(X) be a finitary algebra with finitely many fundamental operations. Then ...

A factor is a portion of a quantity, usually an integer or polynomial that, when multiplied by other factors, gives the entire quantity. The determination of factors is ...

The first few values of product_(k=1)^(n)k! (known as a superfactorial) for n=1, 2, ... are given by 1, 2, 12, 288, 34560, 24883200, ... (OEIS A000178). The first few ...

The first practical algorithm for determining if there exist integers a_i for given real numbers x_i such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, or else establish bounds within ...

Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...