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The tetranacci numbers are a generalization of the Fibonacci numbers defined by T_0=0, T_1=1, T_2=1, T_3=2, and the recurrence relation T_n=T_(n-1)+T_(n-2)+T_(n-3)+T_(n-4) ...

In the American system, 10^(42).

In the American system, 10^(36).

In the American system, 10^(63).

Algorithmic graph theory is the study of graph traversal and generation and the complexity of these operations. Topics in algorithmic graph theory include Eulerian and ...

An augmented matrix is a matrix obtained by adjoining a row or column vector, or sometimes another matrix with the same vertical dimension. The most common use of an ...

The backward difference is a finite difference defined by del _p=del f_p=f_p-f_(p-1). (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the backward ...

A method for finding solutions u and v to a linear congruence au+bv=d by constructing a matrix formed by adjoining a vector containing a and b with a unit matrix, M=[a 1 0; b ...

A useful determinant identity allows the following determinant to be expressed using vector operations, |x_1 y_1 z_1 1; x_2 y_2 z_2 1; x_3 y_3 z_3 1; x_4 y_4 z_4 ...

An object is unique if there is no other object satisfying its defining properties. An object is said to be essentially unique if uniqueness is only referred to the ...