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A square matrix U is a special unitary matrix if UU^*=I, (1) where I is the identity matrix and U^* is the conjugate transpose matrix, and the determinant is detU=1. (2) The ...

The surface of revolution obtained by cutting a conical "wedge" with vertex at the center of a sphere out of the sphere. It is therefore a cone plus a spherical cap, and is a ...

A spherical sector is a solid of revolution enclosed by two radii from the center of a sphere. The spherical sector may either be "open" and have a conical hole (left figure; ...

The average number of regions N(n) into which n lines divide a square is N^_(n)=1/(16)n(n-1)pi+n+1 (Santaló 1976; Finch 2003, p. 481). The maximum number of sequences is ...

Let U subset= C be an open set and f a real-valued continuous function on U. Suppose that for each closed disk D^_(P,r) subset= U and every real-valued harmonic function h ...

Let V be a real vector space (e.g., the real continuous functions C(I) on a closed interval I, two-dimensional Euclidean space R^2, the twice differentiable real functions ...

A subset of an algebraic variety which is itself a variety. Every variety is a subvariety of itself; other subvarieties are called proper subvarieties. A sphere of the ...

A T_1-space is a topological space fulfilling the T1-separation axiom: For any two points x,y in X there exists two open sets U and V such that x in U and y not in U, and y ...

By analogy with the tanc function, define the tanhc function by tanhc(z)={(tanhz)/z for z!=0; 1 for z=0. (1) It has derivative (dtanhc(z))/(dz)=(sech^2z)/z-(tanhz)/(z^2). (2) ...

Taniguchi's constant is defined as C_(Taniguchi) = product_(p)[1-3/(p^3)+2/(p^4)+1/(p^5)-1/(p^6)] (1) = 0.6782344... (2) (OEIS A175639), where the product is over the primes ...