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The finite difference is the discrete analog of the derivative. The finite forward difference of a function f_p is defined as Deltaf_p=f_(p+1)-f_p, (1) and the finite ...

Q(n), also denoted q(n) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 825), gives the number of ways of writing the integer n as a sum of positive integers without regard to order with the ...

The Wigner 6j-symbols (Messiah 1962, p. 1062), commonly simply called the 6j-symbols, are a generalization of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and Wigner 3j-symbol that arise in ...

A function f(x) is said to be concave on an interval [a,b] if, for any points x_1 and x_2 in [a,b], the function -f(x) is convex on that interval (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000).

Let Pi(x) be the rectangle function, then the Fourier transform is F_x[Pi(x)](k)=sinc(pik), where sinc(x) is the sinc function.

A linear functional defined on a subspace of a vector space V and which is dominated by a sublinear function defined on V has a linear extension which is also dominated by ...

For a given function f(x) over a partition of a given interval, the lower sum is the sum of box areas m^*Deltax_k using the infimum m of the function f(x) in each subinterval ...

If f(x) is a monotonically increasing integrable function on [a,b] with f(b)<=0, then if g is a real function integrable on [a,b], ...

The term "over" is commonly used in mathematical exposition as a synonym for "in the domain of." So, for example, "Let f be a function over the reals" means "Let f be a ...

For a function with 2 degrees of freedom, the 2-dimensional phase space that is accessible to the function or object is called its phase plane.