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A slightly archaic term for a computer-generated random number. The prefix pseudo- is used to distinguish this type of number from a "truly" random number generated by a ...

Let t, u, and v be the lengths of the tangents to a circle C from the vertices of a triangle with sides of lengths a, b, and c. Then the condition that C is tangent to the ...

A plane figure consisting of four points, each of which is joined to two other points by a line segment (where the line segments may intersect). A quadrangle may therefore be ...

A quadratic polynomial is a polynomial of degree 2. A univariate quadratic polynomial has the form f(x)=a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0. An equation involving a quadratic polynomial is ...

R^+ denotes the real positive numbers.

The radian is a unit of angular measure defined such that an angle of one radian subtended from the center of a unit circle produces an arc with arc length 1. A full angle is ...

"The rationals" refers to the set of rational numbers and is commonly denoted Q.

An area-minimizing surface (rectifiable current) bounded by a smooth curve in R^3 is a smooth submanifold with boundary.

The ratio of the absolute frequency to the total number of data points in a frequency distribution.

The sum of the aliquot divisors of n, given by s(n)=sigma(n)-n, where sigma(n) is the divisor function. The first few values are 0, 1, 1, 3, 1, 6, 1, 7, 4, 8, 1, 16, ... ...