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A plane figure consisting of four points, each of which is joined to two other points by a line segment (where the line segments may intersect). A quadrangle may therefore be ...

In plane geometry, a chord is the line segment joining two points on a curve. The term is often used to describe a line segment whose ends lie on a circle. The term is also ...

Two planes always intersect in a line as long as they are not parallel. Let the planes be specified in Hessian normal form, then the line of intersection must be ...

Two submanifolds X and Y in an ambient space M intersect transversally if, for all p in X intersection Y, TX_p+TY_p={v+w:v in TX_p,w in TY_p}=TM_p, where the addition is in ...

A primality test that provides an efficient probabilistic algorithm for determining if a given number is prime. It is based on the properties of strong pseudoprimes. The ...

Consider a point P inside a reference triangle DeltaABC, construct line segments AP, BP, and CP. The Ehrmann congruent squares point is the unique point P such that three ...

Suppose f(x) is a function of x that is twice differentiable at a stationary point x_0. 1. If f^('')(x_0)>0, then f has a local minimum at x_0. 2. If f^('')(x_0)<0, then f ...

A fiber of a map f:X->Y is the preimage of an element y in Y. That is, f^(-1)(y)={x in X:f(x)=y}. For instance, let X and Y be the complex numbers C. When f(z)=z^2, every ...

Young's geometry is a finite geometry which satisfies the following five axioms: 1. There exists at least one line. 2. Every line of the geometry has exactly three points on ...

An incidence system (v, k, lambda, r, b) in which a set X of v points is partitioned into a family A of b subsets (blocks) in such a way that any two points determine lambda ...