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In the biconjugate gradient method, the residual vector r^((i)) can be regarded as the product of r^((0)) and an ith degree polynomial in A, i.e., r^((i))=P_i(A)r^((0)). (1) ...

Given a Poisson process, the probability of obtaining exactly n successes in N trials is given by the limit of a binomial distribution P_p(n|N)=(N!)/(n!(N-n)!)p^n(1-p)^(N-n). ...

A univariate distribution proportional to the F-distribution. If the vector d is Gaussian multivariate-distributed with zero mean and unit covariance matrix N_p(0,I) and M is ...

A quantity used to test nested hypotheses. Let H^' be a nested hypothesis with n^' degrees of freedom within H (which has n degrees of freedom), then calculate the maximum ...

The logarithmic distribution is a continuous distribution for a variate X in [a,b] with probability function P(x)=(lnx)/(b(lnb-1)-a(lna-1)) (1) and distribution function ...

Given two distributions Y and X with joint probability density function f(x,y), let U=Y/X be the ratio distribution. Then the distribution function of u is D(u) = P(U<=u) (1) ...

F_k[P_N(k)](x)=F_k[exp(-N|k|^beta)](x), where F is the Fourier transform of the probability P_N(k) for N-step addition of random variables. Lévy showed that beta in (0,2) for ...

A statistical distribution whose variables can take on only discrete values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 929) give a table of the parameters of most common discrete ...

The Bernoulli distribution is a discrete distribution having two possible outcomes labelled by n=0 and n=1 in which n=1 ("success") occurs with probability p and n=0 ...

Given a Poisson distribution with a rate of change lambda, the distribution function D(x) giving the waiting times until the hth Poisson event is D(x) = ...