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A minimum dominating set is a dominating set of smallest size in a given graph. The size of a minimum dominating set is known as the domination number of the graph. A minimum ...

The Minkowski measure of a bounded, closed set is the same as its Lebesgue measure.

Always decreasing; never remaining constant or increasing. Also called strictly decreasing.

A multiple root is a root with multiplicity n>=2, also called a multiple point or repeated root. For example, in the equation (x-1)^2=0, 1 is multiple (double) root. If a ...

A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be translated into one for solving any NP-problem (nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. NP-hard therefore means ...

A branch of mathematics which attempts to formalize the nature of the set using a minimal collection of independent axioms. Unfortunately, as discovered by its earliest ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation satisfied by the Neumann polynomials O_n(x).

Neville's algorithm is an interpolation algorithm which proceeds by first fitting a polynomial of degree 0 through the point (x_k,y_k) for k=1, ..., n, i.e., P_k(x)=y_k. A ...

The identities between the symmetric polynomials Pi_k(x_1,...,x_n) and the sums of kth powers of their variables S_k(x_1,...,x_n)=sum_(j=1)^nx_j^k. (1) The identities are ...

There are two equivalent definitions for a nilpotent matrix. 1. A square matrix whose eigenvalues are all 0. 2. A square matrix A such that A^n is the zero matrix 0 for some ...