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Hyperreal numbers are an extension of the real numbers to include certain classes of infinite and infinitesimal numbers. A hyperreal number x is said to be finite iff |x|<n ...

The idiosyncratic polynomial is the bivariate graph polynomial defined as the characteristic polynomial in x of A+y(J-I-A), where A is the adjacency matrix, J is the unit ...

The Ishango bone is the oldest known object containing logical carvings. It was discovered in the Congo, and has been dated to be 22000 years old. The middle column of marks ...

A right triangle with the two legs (and their corresponding angles) equal. An isosceles right triangle therefore has angles of 45 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees. For an ...

The Jacobsthal polynomials are the W-polynomial obtained by setting p(x)=1 and q(x)=2x in the Lucas polynomial sequence. The first few Jacobsthal polynomials are J_1(x) = 1 ...

The Jordan canonical form, also called the classical canonical form, of a special type of block matrix in which each block consists of Jordan blocks with possibly differing ...

The partial differential equation 1/(c^2)(partial^2psi)/(partialt^2)=(partial^2psi)/(partialx^2)-mu^2psi (1) that arises in mathematical physics. The quasilinear Klein-Gordon ...

An approximation for the gamma function Gamma(z+1) with R[z]>0 is given by Gamma(z+1)=sqrt(2pi)(z+sigma+1/2)^(z+1/2)e^(-(z+sigma+1/2))sum_(k=0)^inftyg_kH_k(z), (1) where ...

There are several conflicting meanings associated with the notation lgx. In German and Russian literature, the notation lgx is used to mean the common logarithm log_(10)x. ...

A link invariant defined for a two-component oriented link as the sum of +1 crossings and -1 crossing over all crossings between the two links divided by 2. For components ...