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Consider a clause (disjunction of literals) obtained from those of a first-order logic sentential formula Phi in Skolemized form forall x_1... forall x_nS, then a clause ...

Consider a clause (disjunction of literals) obtained from those of a first-order logic formula Phi in Skolemized form forall x_1... forall x_nS. Then a literal obtained from ...

Interest which is paid only on the principal and not on the additional amount generated by previous interest payments. A formula for computing simple interest is ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula over the interval [-1,1] which has weighting function W(x)=x. The general formula is int_(-1)^1xf(x)dx=sum_(i=1)^nw_i[f(x_i)-f(-x_i)]. n ...

The circle method is a method employed by Hardy, Ramanujan, and Littlewood to solve many asymptotic problems in additive number theory, particularly in deriving an asymptotic ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It requires m+1 points and fits all polynomials to degree 2m, so it effectively fits exactly all ...

A quadrilateral which has an incircle, i.e., one for which a single circle can be constructed which is tangent to all four sides. Opposite sides of such a quadrilateral ...

The natural logarithm of 2 is a transcendental quantity that arises often in decay problems, especially when half-lives are being converted to decay constants. ln2 has ...

A method for finding recurrence relations for hypergeometric polynomials directly from the series expansions of the polynomials. The method is effective and easily ...

pi may be computed using a number of iterative algorithms. The best known such algorithms are the Archimedes algorithm, which was derived by Pfaff in 1800, and the ...