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Transfinite induction, like regular induction, is used to show a property P(n) holds for all numbers n. The essential difference is that regular induction is restricted to ...

For a normed space (X,||·||), define X^~ to be the set of all equivalent classes of Cauchy sequences obtained by the relation {x_n}∼{y_n} if and only if lim_(n)||x_n-y_n||=0. ...

A number defined by b_n=b_n(0), where b_n(x) is a Bernoulli polynomial of the second kind (Roman 1984, p. 294), also called Cauchy numbers of the first kind. The first few ...

The integral int_0^1x^p(1-x)^qdx, called the Eulerian integral of the first kind by Legendre and Whittaker and Watson (1990). The solution is the beta function B(p+1,q+1).

If a continuous function defined on an interval is sometimes positive and sometimes negative, it must be 0 at some point. Bolzano (1817) proved the theorem (which effectively ...

There are three types of boundary conditions commonly encountered in the solution of partial differential equations: 1. Dirichlet boundary conditions specify the value of the ...

The function defined by the contour integral J_(n,k)(z) =1/(2pii)int^((0+))t^(-n-1)(t+1/t)^kexp[1/2z(t-1/t)]dt, where int_((0+)) denotes the contour encircling the point z=0 ...

A statistical distribution for which the variables may take on a continuous range of values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 930) give a table of the parameters of most ...

The operator partial^_ is defined on a complex manifold, and is called the 'del bar operator.' The exterior derivative d takes a function and yields a one-form. It decomposes ...

A Fréchet space is a complete and metrizable space, sometimes also with the restriction that the space be locally convex. The topology of a Fréchet space is defined by a ...