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If a continuous function defined on an interval is sometimes positive and sometimes negative, it must be 0 at some point. Bolzano (1817) proved the theorem (which effectively ...

The function defined by the contour integral J_(n,k)(z) =1/(2pii)int^((0+))t^(-n-1)(t+1/t)^kexp[1/2z(t-1/t)]dt, where int_((0+)) denotes the contour encircling the point z=0 ...

A statistical distribution for which the variables may take on a continuous range of values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 930) give a table of the parameters of most ...

A Fréchet space is a complete and metrizable space, sometimes also with the restriction that the space be locally convex. The topology of a Fréchet space is defined by a ...

The Hilbert transform (and its inverse) are the integral transform g(y) = H[f(x)]=1/piPVint_(-infty)^infty(f(x)dx)/(x-y) (1) f(x) = ...

Let sumu_k be a series with positive terms and let f(x) be the function that results when k is replaced by x in the formula for u_k. If f is decreasing and continuous for ...

Given a Taylor series f(x)=f(x_0)+(x-x_0)f^'(x_0)+((x-x_0)^2)/(2!)f^('')(x_0)+... +((x-x_0)^n)/(n!)f^((n))(x_0)+R_n, (1) the error R_n after n terms is given by ...

If f(z) is continuous in a region D and satisfies ∮_gammafdz=0 for all closed contours gamma in D, then f(z) is analytic in D. Morera's theorem does not require simple ...

The term "product" refers to the result of one or more multiplications. For example, the mathematical statement a×b=c would be read "a times b equals c," where a is called ...

Let u_k be a series with positive terms and suppose rho=lim_(k->infty)(u_(k+1))/(u_k). Then 1. If rho<1, the series converges. 2. If rho>1 or rho=infty, the series diverges. ...