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Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture, published in 1973, asserts that the two-point correlation function R_2(r) for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function zeta(z) on the ...

Euler conjectured that there do not exist Euler squares of order n=4k+2 for k=1, 2, .... In fact, MacNeish (1921-1922) published a purported proof of this conjecture (Bruck ...

The Ablowitz-Ramani-Segur conjecture states that a nonlinear partial differential equation is solvable by the inverse scattering method only if every nonlinear ordinary ...

A totative is a positive integer less than or equal to a number n which is also relatively prime to n, where 1 is counted as being relatively prime to all numbers. The number ...

Dickson (1913, 2005) defined an amicable triple to be a triple of three numbers (l,m,n) such that s(l) = m+n (1) s(m) = l+n (2) s(n) = l+m, (3) where s(n) is the restricted ...

In his monumental treatise Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, Gauss conjectured that the class number h(-d) of an imaginary quadratic field with binary quadratic form discriminant ...

A binary bracketing is a bracketing built up entirely of binary operations. The number of binary bracketings of n letters (Catalan's problem) are given by the Catalan numbers ...

The problem of finding in how many ways E_n a plane convex polygon of n sides can be divided into triangles by diagonals. Euler first proposed it to Christian Goldbach in ...

Tait's Hamiltonian graph conjecture asserted that every cubic polyhedral graph is Hamiltonian. It was proposed by Tait in 1880 and refuted by Tutte (1946) with a ...

In 1657, Fermat posed the problem of finding solutions to sigma(x^3)=y^2, and solutions to sigma(x^2)=y^3, where sigma(n) is the divisor function (Dickson 2005). The first ...