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A matrix is ill-conditioned if the condition number is too large (and singular if it is infinite).

The set of all sets is its own power set. Therefore, the cardinal number of the set of all sets must be bigger than itself.

A power is an exponent to which a given quantity is raised. The expression x^a is therefore known as "x to the ath power." A number of powers of x are plotted above (cf. ...

To color any map on the sphere or the plane requires at most six-colors. This number can easily be reduced to five, and the four-color theorem demonstrates that the necessary ...

Let G be a graph and S a subgraph of G. Let the number of odd components in G-S be denoted S^', and |S| the number of graph vertices of S. The condition |S|>=S^' for every ...

The hypothesis that an integer n is prime iff it satisfies the condition that 2^n-2 is divisible by n. Dickson (2005, p. 91) stated that Leibniz believe to have proved that ...

The study of groups. Gauss developed but did not publish parts of the mathematics of group theory, but Galois is generally considered to have been the first to develop the ...

Consider the process of taking a number, taking its digit sum, then adding the digits of numbers derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. The ...

1 1 2 2 3 5 5 7 10 15 15 20 27 37 52 The Bell triangle, also called Aitken's array or the Peirce triangle (Knuth 2005, p. 28), is the number triangle obtained by beginning ...

Write down the positive integers in row one, cross out every k_1th number, and write the partial sums of the remaining numbers in the row below. Now cross off every k_2th ...