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The tangent plane to a surface at a point p is the tangent space at p (after translating to the origin). The elements of the tangent space are called tangent vectors, and ...

A number of attractive tetrahedron 5-compounds can be constructed. The first (left figures) is one of the icosahedron stellations in which the 5×4 vertices of the tetrahedra ...

Given three jugs with x pints in the first, y in the second, and z in the third, obtain a desired amount in one of the vessels by completely filling up and/or emptying ...

Two trains are on the same track a distance 100 km apart heading towards one another, each at a speed of 50 km/h. A fly starting out at the front of one train, flies towards ...

A unit circle is a circle of unit radius, i.e., of radius 1. The unit circle plays a significant role in a number of different areas of mathematics. For example, the ...

Zeno's paradoxes are a set of four paradoxes dealing with counterintuitive aspects of continuous space and time. 1. Dichotomy paradox: Before an object can travel a given ...

The asymptotic form of the n-step Bernoulli distribution with parameters p and q=1-p is given by P_n(k) = (n; k)p^kq^(n-k) (1) ∼ 1/(sqrt(2pinpq))e^(-(k-np)^2/(2npq)) (2) ...

A polygon can be defined (as illustrated above) as a geometric object "consisting of a number of points (called vertices) and an equal number of line segments (called sides), ...

A quadrilateral, sometimes also known as a tetragon or quadrangle (Johnson 1929, p. 61) is a four-sided polygon. If not explicitly stated, all four polygon vertices are ...

The generalized hypergeometric function is given by a hypergeometric series, i.e., a series for which the ratio of successive terms can be written ...