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A triangular matrix L of the form L_(ij)={a_(ij) for i>=j; 0 for i<j. (1) Written explicitly, L=[a_(11) 0 ... 0; a_(21) a_(22) ... 0; | | ... 0; a_(n1) a_(n2) ... a_(nn)]. ...

The correspondence which relates the Hanoi graph to the isomorphic graph of the odd binomial coefficients in Pascal's triangle, where the adjacencies are determined by ...

A matrix with 0 determinant whose determinant becomes nonzero when any element on or below the diagonal is changed from 0 to 1. An example is M=[1 -1 0 0; 0 0 -1 0; 1 1 1 -1; ...

A polygon vertex x_i of a simple polygon P is a principal polygon vertex if the diagonal [x_(i-1),x_(i+1)] intersects the boundary of P only at x_(i-1) and x_(i+1).

A rational quadrilateral is a quadrilateral for which the sides, polygon diagonals, and area are rational. The simplest case has sides a=52, b=25, c=39, and d=60, polygon ...

A right trapezoid is a trapezoid having two right angles. As illustrated above, the area of a right trapezoid is A = ah_2-1/2(h_2-h_1)a (1) = 1/2a(h_1+h_2). (2) A right ...

Let j, r, and s be distinct integers (mod n), and let W_i be the point of intersection of the side or diagonal V_iV_(i+j) of the n-gon P=[V_1,...,V_n] with the transversal ...

A lower triangular matrix having 0s along the diagonal as well as the upper portion, i.e., a matrix A=[a_(ij)] such that a_(ij)=0 for i<=j. Written explicitly, L=[0 0 ... 0; ...

A strictly upper triangular matrix is an upper triangular matrix having 0s along the diagonal as well as the lower portion, i.e., a matrix A=[a_(ij)] such that a_(ij)=0 for ...

A diagonal slash resembling the solidus, but with slightly less slant, used to denote division for in-line equations such as a/b, 1/(x-1)^2, etc.