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The Shaw Prizes are $1 million cash awards offered annually by Run Run Shaw (b. 1907), a longtime movie and television producer. There are prizes for astronomy, life science ...

The term "snark" was first popularized by Gardner (1976) as a class of minimal cubic graphs with edge chromatic number 4 and certain connectivity requirements. (By Vizing's ...

In the above figure, let DeltaABC be a right triangle, arcs AP and AQ be segments of circles centered at C and B respectively, and define a = BC (1) b = CA=CP (2) c = BA=BQ. ...

A vector field is a map f:R^n|->R^n that assigns each x a vector f(x). Several vector fields are illustrated above. A vector field is uniquely specified by giving its ...

The vertex cover number is the size of a minimum vertex cover in a graph G is known as the vertex cover number of G, denoted tau(G). The König-Egeváry theorem states that the ...

A q-analog of Gauss's theorem due to Jacobi and Heine, _2phi_1(a,b;c;q,c/(ab))=((c/a;q)_infty(c/b;q)_infty)/((c;q)_infty(c/(ab);q)_infty) (1) for |c/(ab)|<1 (Gordon and ...

A Heronian triangle is a triangle having rational side lengths and rational area. The triangles are so named because such triangles are related to Heron's formula ...

According to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation may be described using three angles. If the rotations are written in terms of rotation matrices D, C, and B, then a ...

Seeks to obtain the best numerical estimate of an integral by picking optimal abscissas x_i at which to evaluate the function f(x). The fundamental theorem of Gaussian ...

A wide variety of large numbers crop up in mathematics. Some are contrived, but some actually arise in proofs. Often, it is possible to prove existence theorems by deriving ...