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A non-Euclidean geometry, also called Lobachevsky-Bolyai-Gauss geometry, having constant sectional curvature -1. This geometry satisfies all of Euclid's postulates except the ...

Chrystal's identity is the algebraic identity ((b-c)^2+(b+c)^2+2(b^2-c^2))/((b^4-2b^2c^2+c^4)[1/((b-c)^2)+2/(b^2-c^2)+1/((b+c)^2)])=1 given as an exercise by Chrystal (1886).

In identical experiments, an Allais paradox occurs when the addition of an independent event influences choice behavior. Consider the choices in the following table (Kahneman ...

The plane figure formed by a sequence of circles C_1, C_2, C_3, ... that are all tangent to each other at the same point and such that the sequence of radii converges to ...

The symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) method combines two successive overrelaxation method (SOR) sweeps together in such a way that the resulting iteration matrix is ...

The theorem of Möbius tetrads, also simply called Möbius's theorem by Baker (1925, p. 18), may be stated as follows. Let P_1, P_2, P_3, and P_4 be four arbitrary points in a ...

Checkers is a two-player game with the most common variant played on an 8×8 checkerboard with each player starts with twelve pieces of a fixed color on opposite sites of the ...

The simplest class of one-dimensional cellular automata. Elementary cellular automata have two possible values for each cell (0 or 1), and rules that depend only on nearest ...

A logical system which possesses an explicitly stated set of axioms from which theorems can be derived.

A class of processes which attempt to round off a domain and simplify its theory by adjoining elements.