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The group of all nonsingular n×n stochastic matrices over a field F. It is denoted S(n,F). If p is prime and F is the finite field of order q=p^m, S(n,q) is written instead ...

An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

The trimean is defined to be TM=1/4(H_1+2M+H_2), where H_i are the hinges and M is the statistical median. Press et al. (1992) call this Tukey's trimean. It is an L-estimate.

A solution zeta_k=e^(2piik/d) to the cyclotomic equation x^d=1. The de Moivre numbers give the coordinates in the complex plane of the polygon vertices of a regular polygon ...

A lattice path from one point to another is p-good if it lies completely below the line y=(p-1)x. (1) Hilton and Pederson (1991) show that the number of p-good paths from (1, ...

The Euler polynomial E_n(x) is given by the Appell sequence with g(t)=1/2(e^t+1), (1) giving the generating function (2e^(xt))/(e^t+1)=sum_(n=0)^inftyE_n(x)(t^n)/(n!). (2) ...

The polynomials G_n(x;a,b) given by the associated Sheffer sequence with f(t)=e^(at)(e^(bt)-1), (1) where b!=0. The inverse function (and therefore generating function) ...

Newton's forward difference formula is a finite difference identity giving an interpolated value between tabulated points {f_p} in terms of the first value f_0 and the powers ...

A prime number (or prime integer, often simply called a "prime" for short) is a positive integer p>1 that has no positive integer divisors other than 1 and p itself. More ...

An ellipse is a curve that is the locus of all points in the plane the sum of whose distances r_1 and r_2 from two fixed points F_1 and F_2 (the foci) separated by a distance ...