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The illusion illustrated above in which the bounding rectangle and inner square both appear distorted.

The Pell constant is the infinite product P = 1-product_(k=0)^(infty)(1-1/(2^(2k+1))) (1) = 1-(1/2;1/4)_infty (2) = 0.58057755820489... (3) (OEIS A141848), where (a,q)_infty ...

Given a regular pentagon of unit area, mean triangle area of a triangle picked at random inside it is given by the n=5 case of polygon triangle picking, A^_ = ...

The kth percentile P_k is that value of x, say x_k, which corresponds to a cumulative frequency of Nk/100, where N is the sample size.

Poisson's theorem gives the estimate (n!)/(k!(n-k)!)p^kq^(n-k)∼e^(-np)((np)^k)/(k!) for the probability of an event occurring k times in n trials with n>>1, p<<1, and np ...

An ideal I of a ring R is called principal if there is an element a of R such that I=aR={ar:r in R}. In other words, the ideal is generated by the element a. For example, the ...

The ratio of two numbers r and s is written r/s, where r is the numerator and s is the denominator. The ratio of r to s is equivalent to the quotient r/s. Betting odds ...

The partial differential equation u_(tt)-u_(xx)=epsilon(u_t-u_t^3).

The function f(x,y)=(1-x)^2+100(y-x^2)^2 that is often used as a test problem for optimization algorithms (where a variation with 100 replaced by 105 is sometimes used; ...

Let there be x successes out of n Bernoulli trials. The sample proportion is the fraction of samples which were successes, so p^^=x/n. (1) For large n, p^^ has an ...