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A quadratic form Q(z) is said to be positive definite if Q(z)>0 for z!=0. A real quadratic form in n variables is positive definite iff its canonical form is ...

A type of binary tree.

The value of the 2^0 bit in a binary number. For the sequence of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., the least significant bits are therefore the alternating sequence 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, ...

The resolution principle, due to Robinson (1965), is a method of theorem proving that proceeds by constructing refutation proofs, i.e., proofs by contradiction. This method ...

The Golay code is a perfect linear error-correcting code. There are two essentially distinct versions of the Golay code: a binary version and a ternary version. The binary ...

The word "graph" has (at least) two meanings in mathematics. In elementary mathematics, "graph" refers to a function graph or "graph of a function," i.e., a plot. In a ...

A manifold is a topological space that is locally Euclidean (i.e., around every point, there is a neighborhood that is topologically the same as the open unit ball in R^n). ...

The term metric signature refers to the signature of a metric tensor g=g_(ij) on a smooth manifold M, a tool which quantifies the numbers of positive, zero, and negative ...

A (0,1)-matrix is an integer matrix in which each element is a 0 or 1. It is also called a logical matrix, binary matrix, relation matrix, or Boolean matrix. The number of ...

The smallest unit of binary information, equal to a single 0 or 1. Two bits are called a crumb, four bits are called a nibble, and eight bits are called 1 byte.