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An evolute is the locus of centers of curvature (the envelope) of a plane curve's normals. The original curve is then said to be the involute of its evolute. Given a plane ...

A natural equation is an equation which specifies a curve independent of any choice of coordinates or parameterization. The study of natural equations began with the ...

The "witch of Agnesi" is a curve studied by Maria Agnesi in 1748 in her book Instituzioni analitiche ad uso della gioventù italiana (the first surviving mathematical work ...

Arc length is defined as the length along a curve, s=int_gamma|dl|, (1) where dl is a differential displacement vector along a curve gamma. For example, for a circle of ...

A B-spline is a generalization of the Bézier curve. Let a vector known as the knot vector be defined T={t_0,t_1,...,t_m}, (1) where T is a nondecreasing sequence with t_i in ...

Lockwood (1957) terms the ellipse negative pedal curve with pedal point at the focus "Burleigh's oval" in honor of his student M. J. Burleigh, who first drew his attention to ...

A Lindenmayer system, also known as an L-system, is a string rewriting system that can be used to generate fractals with dimension between 1 and 2. Several example fractals ...

Kepler's folium is a folium curve explored by Kepler in 1609 (Lawrence 1972, p. 151; Gray et al. 2006, p. 85). When used without qualification, the term "folium" sometimes ...

The Tschirnhausen cubic is a plane curve given by the polar equation r=asec^3(1/3theta). (1) Letting theta=3tan^(-1)t gives the parametric equations x = a(1-3t^2) (2) y = ...

The vertical line test is a graphical method of determining whether a curve in the plane represents the graph of a function by visually examining the number of intersections ...